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Definition 2025

姑

姑

See also: 菇

Translingual

Han character

姑 (radical 38 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女十口 (VJR), four-corner 44460, composition ⿰女古)

  1. father's sister
  2. husband's sister
  3. husband's mother

Derived characters

References

  • Crook 1985: page 241
  • Jingrong: 241
  • Lin Yutang: 93A.40, page 1409
  • Nelson: 1201
  • KangXi: page 258, character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6174
  • Dae Jaweon: page 524, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1035, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+59D1

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 姑

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 姑
Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (古) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
箇 *kaːls
個 *kaːls
居 *kɯ, *kas
橭 *kaː, *kʰaː
嫴 *kaː
姑 *kaː
辜 *kaː
酤 *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ
蛄 *kaː
鴣 *kaː
沽 *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs
盬 *kaː, *kaːʔ
古 *kaːʔ
罟 *kaːʔ
估 *kaːʔ
鈷 *kaːʔ
詁 *kaːʔ
牯 *kaːʔ
故 *kaːs
固 *kaːs
稒 *kaːɡs
痼 *kaːɡs
錮 *kaːɡs
鯝 *kaːɡs
棝 *kaːɡs
凅 *kaːɡs
枯 *kʰaː
軲 *kʰaː
跍 *kʰaː
骷 *kʰaː
苦 *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs
葫 *qʰaː, *ɡaː
餬 *ɡaː
瑚 *ɡaː
湖 *ɡaː
鶘 *ɡaː
猢 *ɡaː
醐 *ɡaː
糊 *ɡaː
箶 *ɡaː
蝴 *ɡaː
胡 *ɡaː
瓳 *ɡaː
怙 *ɡaːʔ
祜 *ɡaːʔ
岵 *ɡaːʔ
婟 *ɡaːʔ, *ɡaːɡs
楛 *ɡaːʔ
据 *ka
裾 *ka
琚 *ka
椐 *ka, *kas, *kʰa
鶋 *ka
蜛 *ka
崌 *ka
涺 *ka
腒 *ka, *ɡa
鋸 *kas
倨 *kas
踞 *kas
涸 *ɡaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kaː) : semantic 女 ‎(“woman”) + phonetic 古 ‎(OC *kaːʔ) – a type of woman (aunt, mother-in-law).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 姑
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古胡切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kuo/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kuo/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ko/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kɔ/
Li
Rong		 /ko/
Wang
Li		 /ku/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kuo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gū
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 姑
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gū
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ku ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kˤa/
English father"s sister

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 姑
Reading # 1/1
No. 4212
Phonetic
component		 古
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 孤
Old
Chinese		 /*kaː/

Definitions

姑

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

姑

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

/sihi1to2me1/: [shipitwome] → [shiɸitwome] → [shiɸitome]. Compound of 舅 ‎(shihito, “in law”) and 女 ‎(me, “woman”). See next entry.

Noun

姑 ‎(hiragana しひとめ, romaji shihitome)

  1. a mother-in-law

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
姑
しゅうとめ
Hyōgaiji
kun'yomi

From shihitome: [shipitwome] → [shiɸitwome] → [shiɸitome] → [shiɸutome] → [shiwutome] → [shiutome] → [shuːtome].

Pronunciation

Noun

姑 ‎(hiragana しゅうとめ, romaji shūtome, historical hiragana しうとめ)

  1. a mother-in-law
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Noun

姑 ‎(hiragana しゅうと, romaji shūto, historical hiragana しうと)

  1. a mother-in-law
Derived terms

References

  1. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean

Hanja

姑 • ‎(go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune-Reischauer ko)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

姑 (cô, go, o)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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