Translingual

Han character

種 (radical 115 禾+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹木竹十土 (HDHJG), four-corner 2291₄, composition ⿰禾重)

References

• KangXi: page 856, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25174
• Dae Jaweon: page 1281, character 33
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2617, character 17
• Unihan data for U+7A2E

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 種
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs) : semantic 禾 + phonetic 重 ‎(OC *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs).

Etymology

Perhaps Sino-Tibetan: Chepang tuŋʔ- ‎(“to plant”), duŋ ‎(“to shoot, to sprout”), duŋ- ‎(“to sprout, to grow”). Compare 腫 (OC *tjoŋʔ, “to swell”) and 踵 (OC *tjoŋʔ, “heel”).

Related to Proto-Vietic *k-coːŋʔ ‎(“seed”) (Vietnamese giống ‎(“seed”)), which is likely a loanword from Chinese (Wang, 1948).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

種

1. seed; kernel; cereal

   菜種 / 菜种  ―  càizhǒng  ―  seed of vegetable

2. clan; ethnic group; ethnicity; race

   人種 / 人种  ―  rénzhǒng  ―  race

   種族 / 种族  ―  zhǒngzú  ―  ethnicity

3. species; breed
4. kind; sort; type
5. Classifier for varieties: kind; sort; type  ⇒ all nouns using this classifier

   各種 / 各种  ―  gèzhǒng  ―  every kind

   • 這種話你別再說了。 [MSC, trad.]
     这种话你别再说了。 [MSC, simp.]

     Zhè zhǒng huà nǐ bié zài shuō le. [Pinyin]

     Don't talk about those types of things anymore.

   • 難忘妳對我那種體貼入微，時時刻刻腦海中都緊記 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
     难忘妳对我那种体贴入微，时时刻刻脑海中都紧记 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
     From: 許冠傑, 難忘你

     naan⁴ mong⁴ nei⁵ deoi³ ngo⁵ naa⁵zung² tai² tip³ jap⁶ mei⁴, si⁴ si⁴ haak¹ haak¹ nou⁵ hoi² zung¹ dou¹ gan² gei³ [Jyutping]

     I can't forget that attention you gave me; it's still stuck fast in my mind all the time

6. (colloquial) guts; grit
7. A surname​.

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

種

1. ^† to sow; to strew
2. to grow; to plant; to cultivate

   種樹 / 种树  ―  zhòng shù  ―  to plant a tree

3. ^† to breed; to bring up
4. ^† to foster; to train
5. to transplant; to inoculate

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

種

1. ^†young; childish

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. a seed
2. a species, class, kind, variety

Readings

• Goon: しゅ (shu)
• Kan’on: しょう (shō)
• Kun: たね (tane), くさ (kusa)
• Nanori: おい (oi), くさ (kusa), た (ta), ほ (ho)

Compounds

• 種類 (しゅるい) ‎(shurui)

Etymology 1

From Old Japanese.

Possibly related to Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tanəm; compare Indonesian tanam, Malay tanam ‎(“to plant, to bury”); Chamorro tanom ‎(“to plant”), Samoan tanu ‎(“to bury”); Cebuano tanum ‎(“a plant”).

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [ta̠ne̞]

Noun

種 ‎(hiragana たね, romaji tane)

1. a seed
2. a pit or stone in a fruit
3. a gamete, a reproductive cell such as a spermatozoan or egg
4. a lineage, a bloodline
5. an origin, a cause
6. the materials or ingredients from which something is made
7. capital, funds, seed money

Synonyms

• (plant seed): 種子 (しゅし) ‎(shushi)
• (a fruit pit): 実 (さね) ‎(sane)
• (sperm): 精子 (せいし) ‎(seishi)
• (egg): 卵子 (らんし) ‎(ranshi)
• (lineage): 血統 (けっとう) ‎(kettō); 血筋 (ちすじ) ‎(chisuji)
• (origin): 根源 (こんげん) ‎(kongen); 原因 (げんいん) ‎(gen'in)
• (materials): 原料 (げんりょう) ‎(genryō)
• (ingredients): 材料 (ざいりょう) ‎(zairyō)
• (capital): 元金 (がんきん) ‎(gankin), 元金 (もときん) ‎(motokin); 元手 (もとで) ‎(motode)

Proper noun

種 ‎(hiragana たね, romaji Tane)

1. A surname​.

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese.

Pronunciation

• On'yomi
• IPA^(key): [ɕʲɯᵝ]

Noun

種 ‎(hiragana しゅ, romaji shu)

1. a kind, type, sort, class, or category
2. (taxonomy) a species
3. a plant seed

Korean

Hanja

種 • ‎(jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune-Reischauer chong, Yale cong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

種 (chõng, chỏng, chổng, chủng, giống, trồng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.