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Definition 2024


See also: and

Translingual

Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified

Han character

(radical 167 +8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 金戈戈 (CII), four-corner 83153, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1311, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40563
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1812, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4217, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+9322

Chinese

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*zlaːn, *zaːns
*zlaːn
*zlaːn, *saːns, *ʔslenʔ, *ʔsleːn, *sreːd
*zreːn, *zreːn, *zreːnʔ, *zraːns
*ʔsreːnʔ
*ʔsreːnʔ, *ʔljenʔ
*ʔsreːnʔ
*sʰreːnʔ
*zreːnʔ, *zraːns, *zrenʔ
*zreːnʔ, *zraːns
*zreːnʔ
*ʔslenʔ, *zlen
*ʔslenʔ, *zlenʔ
*ʔslenʔ, *ʔslens, *ʔsleːn
*sʰlenʔ, *ʔsleːn
*ʔsens, *ʔseːn
*zlenʔ
*zlenʔ, *zlens
*zlenʔ, *zlens
*zlens
*slens
*ʔsleːn
*ʔsleːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔslenʔ, *zlen) : semantic  (money) + phonetic  (OC *zlaːn).

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰian³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰian²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰiã⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡sʰiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰian⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰiã²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕʰiã²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰian⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰian⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰian³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰian²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰien²⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiĩ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰie̞¹³/
/t͡ɕie̞¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ʑi²³/
Suzhou /ziɪ¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑi³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡sʰiɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡siẽ¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡ziẽ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɛn²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰien¹¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰien¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰin²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰin²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰin²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sian³⁵/
/t͡sĩ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sieŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡siŋ³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sĩ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /t͡si³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (15) (13)
Final () (77) (77)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ziᴇn/ /t͡siᴇnX/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ziɛn/ /t͡siɛnX/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡zjæn/ /t͡sjænX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡zian/ /t͡sianX/
Li
Rong
/d͡ziɛn/ /t͡siɛnX/
Wang
Li
/d͡zĭɛn/ /t͡sĭɛnX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/d͡zʱi̯ɛn/ /t͡si̯ɛnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qián jiǎn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
qián
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzjen ›
Old
Chinese
/*N-ts[a][n]/
English coin, money

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 5996 6003
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ʔslenʔ/ /*zlen/

Definitions

  1. money; cash
    /    Wǒ méi yǒu qián.   I don't have money.
  2. currency; coins
    /    qián   ancient coin
    /    tóngqián   cooper (coin)
  3. cost; fund; expense
    多少 / 多少   Duōshao qián?   How much does it cost?
    /    chēqián   transport cost
  4. coin-shaped object
    /    qián   fruit of an elm tree
  5. mace (unit of weight equivalent to one tenth of a tael)
  6. A surname. Qian, listed second in the Baijiaxing & the dynasty of the kings of Wuyue.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of (“money”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing 、錢兒
Tianjin
Jinan 、票子
Xi'an
Wuhan 角子
Chengdu
Yangzhou
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou 、銀紙
Hong Kong 、銀紙
Taishan 、銀紙、
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Min Nan Quanzhou
Xiamen
Zhangzhou
Taipei
Malaysia
Singapore
Chaozhou
Wu Shanghai 鈔票銅鈿
Hangzhou 銅鈿
Wenzhou 鈔票銅鈿、番鈿
Chongming 鈔票銅錢、番錢、銅錢銀、銅板
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

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Readings


Korean

Hanja

(jeon) (hangeul , McCune-Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(tiền)

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