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Definition 2024
信
信
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See also: 伩
Translingual
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Han character
信 (radical 9 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人卜一口 (OYMR), four-corner 20261, composition ⿰亻言)
References
- KangXi: page 105, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 707
- Dae Jaweon: page 224, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 165, character 1
- Unihan data for U+4FE1
Chinese
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simp. and trad. |
信 | |
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| alt. forms |
伩 㐰 |
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Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 信 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 人 (“person”) + 言 (“word”) – a person's (truthful) words.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): seon3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sin
- Min Dong (BUC): séng
- Min Nan (POJ): sìn
- Wu (Wiktionary): xin (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣˋ
- Wade-Giles: hsin4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinn
- IPA (key): /ɕin⁵¹/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: seon3
- Yale: seun
- Cantonese Pinyin: soen3
- IPA (key): /sɵn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sin
- Hakka Romanization System: xin
- Hagfa Pinyim: xin4
- IPA: /ɕin⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: séng
- IPA (key): /sɛiŋ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìn
- Tâi-lô: sìn
- Phofsit Daibuun: sixn
- IPA (Xiamen): /ɕin²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕin⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕin²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /ɕin¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕin²¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: xin (T2)
- IPA (key): /ɕɪɲ³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 信 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕin⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /ɕin⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ɕin⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /ɕiẽ²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /siə̃⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /sin³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /ɕiẽ⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /ɕiə̃²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ɕiŋ¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ɕĩn¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ɕiŋ²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /ɕin³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /ɕin¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /ɕin²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /ɕĩ²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /sin⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /ɕin⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕiəŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /ɕiŋ³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /ɕĩŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɕiŋ³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /sin⁵¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɕin⁴⁴⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /saŋ⁴²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /siʌ̃³²⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /sin⁴²/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /sin⁵⁵/ |
| Xiangtan | /sin⁵⁵/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ɕin⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sin⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /sin⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /søn³³/ |
| Nanning | /ɬɐn³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /søn³³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /sin²¹/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /sɛiŋ²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /seiŋ³³/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /siŋ²¹³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /tin³⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 信 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 息晉切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/siɪnH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/sinH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/sjenH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/sinH/ |
| Li Rong |
/siĕnH/ |
| Wang Li |
/sĭĕnH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/si̯ĕnH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
xìn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 信 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
xìn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ sinH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*s-ni[ŋ]-s/ |
| English | truthful |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 信 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13849 |
| Phonetic component |
信 |
| Rime group |
眞 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
信 |
| Old Chinese |
/*hljins/ |
| Notes | 金文或從人從口，本指操信符傳言之信使，故表可信，或從言身聲 |
Definitions
信
- true; accurate; verifiable
- truly; indeed
- trustworthy
- to believe; to trust in something
- trust; confidence; faith
- 信任 ― xìnrèn ― trust
- to believe in (a faith); to be religious in
- at will
- letter (written communication) (Classifier: 封 m c)
- message; news; information
- 信息 ― xìnxī ― news, message
- evidence
- 信物 ― xìnwù ― token, keepsake
Compounds
Derived terms from 信
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Japanese
Kanji
信
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
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Noun
- trust, faith
- 信を置く、信を取る
- shin o oku, shin o toru
- to put one's trust (in something), to gain someone's trust
- 信を置く、信を取る
Related terms
Related terms
Korean
Hanja
信 • (sin)
Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 신 (revised: sin, McCune-Reischauer: sin)
- Name (hangeul): 믿을()
- believe/trust
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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