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Definition 2024
族
族
Translingual
Han character
族 (radical 70 方+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜尸人人大 (YSOOK), four-corner 08234, composition ⿸⿰方𠂉矢)
References
- KangXi: page 484, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13661
- Dae Jaweon: page 846, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2181, character 1
- Unihan data for U+65CF
Chinese
|
simp. and trad. |
族 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (族) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 蔟 | *sʰoːɡs, *sʰoːɡ |
| 嗾 | *sʰoːɡs, *soːʔ, *soːɡs |
| 鷟 | *zroːɡ |
| 鏃 | *ʔsoːɡ |
| 瘯 | *sʰoːɡ |
| 簇 | *sʰoːɡ |
| 族 | *zoːɡ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 㫃 (“flag”) + 矢 (“arrow”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zuk6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhu̍k
- Min Dong (BUC): cŭk
- Min Nan (POJ): cho̍k / cha̍k
- Wu (Wiktionary): zoq (T5)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˊ
- Wade-Giles: tsu2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzwu
- IPA (key): /t͡su³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: zuk6
- Yale: juhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk9
- IPA (key): /t͡sʊk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhu̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: cug
- Hagfa Pinyim: cug6
- IPA: /t͡sʰuk̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cŭk
- IPA (key): /t͡suʔ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cho̍k
- Tâi-lô: tso̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: zok
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔk̚²⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍k
- Tâi-lô: tsa̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: zak
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sak̚⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: zoq (T5)
- IPA (key): /z̻ʊʔ¹²/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 族 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡su³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /t͡su²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡su⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡su⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡su⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡su⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡sou²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan |
/t͡sʰu¹³/ /t͡su¹³/ |
|
| Lanzhou | /t͡sʰu¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡sʰu⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡sʰəu²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu |
/t͡ɕʰyo³¹/ /t͡sʰu³¹/ /t͡ɕʰy³¹/ |
|
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰiu²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡sʰu³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡sʰuʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡sʰuəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰuəʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕyʌʔ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡suəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zoʔ¹/ |
| Suzhou | /zoʔ³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /zoʔ²/ | |
| Wenzhou | /jɤu²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰu²²/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡sʰəu¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰəu²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡sʰəɯ²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰuʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰuk̚⁵/ |
| Taoyuan | /t͡sʰuk̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sok̚²/ |
| Nanning | /t͡suk̚²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡suk̚²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /t͡sɔk̚⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /t͡suʔ⁵/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /t͡su⁴²/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /t͡sok̚⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /tok̚³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 族 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (3) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 昨木切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/d͡zuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/d͡zuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/d͡zuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/d͡zəwk̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/d͡zuk̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/d͡zuk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/d͡zʱuk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zú |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 族 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zú |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ dzuwk › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[dz]ˤok/ |
| English | clan |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 族 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17980 |
| Phonetic component |
族 |
| Rime group |
屋 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
族 |
| Old Chinese |
/*zoːɡ/ |
| Notes | 甲文或從二矢，象令旗麾矢蔟集，爲蔟初文，說文訓鏃則與從方二矢脫節 |
Definitions
族
- clan; family clan; tribe
- ethnic group; nationality
- group or class of things with common features
- (historical) to impose a death penalty on an offender and his entire family, and even on the families of his mother and wife
Compounds
Derived terms from 族
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Japanese
Kanji
族
Readings
Korean
Hanja
族 • (jok, ju) (hangeul 족, 주, revised jok, ju, McCune-Reischauer chok, chu, Yale cok, cwu)
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