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Definition 2024
七
七
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Translingual
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Han character
七 (radical 1 一+1, 2 strokes, cangjie input 十山 (JU), four-corner 40710, composition ⿻乚一)
Descendants
References
- KangXi: page 75, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 3, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E03
See also
Chinese
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simp. and trad. |
七 | |
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| alt. forms |
柒 financial 𠀁 ancient |
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Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 七
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| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (七) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 切 | *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd |
| 砌 | *sʰiːds |
| 沏 | *sʰiːd |
| 七 | *sn̥ʰid |
| 柒 | *sn̥ʰid |
| 叱 | *n̥ʰjid |
The character 七 was originally a picture of a vertical line and a horizontal line bisecting each other, meaning something like, “cut and throw away the remainder”. 切 (OC *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd) represents the graphical meaning.
The top-most horizontal stroke is done from left to right. The vertical line and bottom-most horizontal line are done as one stroke, from top-left to bottom-right.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ni-s (“seven”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cat1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhit
- Min Dong (BUC): chék
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): tshiq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
- Wade-Giles: ch'ih1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
-
- Note: qí - a variant (and regional) sandhi tone when it occurs before fourth-tone syllables.
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: cat1
- Yale: chāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsat7
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhit
- Hakka Romanization System: qid`
- Hagfa Pinyim: qid5
- IPA: /t͡ɕʰit̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chék
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhit
- Tâi-lô: tshit
- Phofsit Daibuun: chid
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰit̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰit̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰit̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰit̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰit̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak
- Tâi-lô: tshiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: chiag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiak̚⁵/
- Note: chhit - literary (all), vernacular (all but Quanzhou); chhiak - vernacular (Quanzhou).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cig4 / cêg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshik / tshek
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰik̚²/, /t͡sʰek̚²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: tshiq (T4)
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰi̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
- Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 七 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕʰi²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡sʰi⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡sʰi²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰi²¹/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕʰji⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰi¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰi¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡ɕʰi³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰi²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕʰi³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡sʰiʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡sʰiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡sʰai²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰiʔ²¹/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡sʰi⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰi²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡sʰi²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰit̚¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /t͡sʰit̚²²/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /t͡sʰit̚³²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /t͡sʰɛiʔ²³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /t͡sʰi²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /t͡sʰik̚²/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /sit̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 七 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 質 (48) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 親吉切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡sʰiɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡sʰit̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡sʰjet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡sʰit̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡sʰiĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡sʰĭĕt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡sʰi̯ĕt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
qi |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 七 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
qī |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tshit › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[tsʰ]i[t]/ |
| English | seven |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 七 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9910 |
| Phonetic component |
七 |
| Rime group |
質 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
七 |
| Old Chinese |
/*sn̥ʰid/ |
Definitions
七
- seven
- (printing) agate: The size of type between 小六 (xiǎoliù, “little 6”) and 八 (bā, “8”), standardized as 5½ point.
- (Cantonese, vulgar) Alternative form of 柒 (qī).
Compounds
Derived terms from 七
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Descendants
Others:
See also
| Chinese numbers | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 108 | 1012 | |
| Cardinal | 〇 | 一 | 二 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬 万 |
億 亿 |
兆 |
| Financial | 零 | 壹 | 貳 贰 |
參 叁 |
肆 | 伍 | 陸 陆 |
柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 | 萬 万 |
億 亿 |
兆 |
Japanese
Kanji
七
Readings
- Goon: しち (shichi)
- Kan’on: しつ (shitsu)
- Kun: なな (nana), ななつ (七つ, nanatsu), なの (nano)
- Nanori: し (shi), しっ (shi~), な (na), ひち (hichi)
Compounds
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Pronunciation 1
Noun
Related terms
- See below (related terms for pronunciation 2)
Pronunciation 2
Noun
七 (hiragana しち, romaji shichi)
Related terms
Number
| < 6 | 7 | 8 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : 七 | ||
七 (hiragana しち, romaji shichi, alternative reading なな, romaji nana)
Usage notes
- なな (nana) is used instead of しち (shichi) in conversation because しち (shichi) is considered unlucky.
Korean
Hanja
七 • (chil)
Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 칠 (revised: chil, McCune-Reischauer: ch'il, Yale: chil)
- Name (hangeul): 일곱 (revised: ilgop, McCune-Reischauer: ilgop, Yale: ilkop)
Old Japanese
Numeral
| < 6 | 7 | 8 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : 七 Ordinal : 七 | ||
七 (nana)
Descendants
- Japanese: 七 (nana)
References
- 古事記歌謡 (Kojiki kayō)
Vietnamese
Han character
七 (thất)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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