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Definition 2024
五
五
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See also: 伍
Translingual
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Han character
五 (radical 7 二+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一木一 (MDM), four-corner 10107, composition ⿱一𫝀)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 86, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 257
- Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 11, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E94
Chinese
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simp. and trad. |
五 | |
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| alt. forms |
伍 financial 㐅 𠄡 𫝀 |
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Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 五
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| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (五) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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| Old Chinese | |
| 吾 | *ŋraː, *ŋaː |
| 衙 | *ŋraː, *ŋa, *ŋaʔ |
| 鼯 | *ŋaː |
| 浯 | *ŋaː |
| 珸 | *ŋaː |
| 郚 | *ŋaː |
| 齬 | *ŋaː, *ŋa, *ŋaʔ |
| 鯃 | *ŋaː |
| 娪 | *ŋaː |
| 梧 | *ŋaː |
| 峿 | *ŋaː |
| 五 | *ŋaːʔ |
| 伍 | *ŋaːʔ |
| 寤 | *ŋaːs |
| 啎 | *ŋaːs |
| 晤 | *ŋaːs |
| 悟 | *ŋaːs |
| 逜 | *ŋaːs |
| 窹 | *ŋaːs |
| 捂 | *ŋaːs |
| 鋙 | *ŋa, *ŋaʔ |
| 語 | *ŋaʔ, *ŋas |
| 圄 | *ŋaʔ |
| 敔 | *ŋaʔ |
One possibility is that 五 was originally written as five horizontal lines, similar to 一, 二, 三, and the obsolete 亖 (“four”), but in common writing the lines would blend together. Thus, two lines were turned vertical and the right one was shortened, to form one stroke with the middle horizontal line. An alternate hypothesis is that 五 originally resembled an X with a bar on top and a bar on bottom, as in 𠄡. This would have meant five because when counting on a single hand, one first counts to five and then crosses back the other way to ten.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l/b-ŋa (“five”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ng5
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ńg
- Min Dong (BUC): ngô / ngū
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): hhngg (T3); u (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨˇ
- Wade-Giles: wu3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuu
- IPA (key): /u²¹⁴/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ng5
- Yale: ńgh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ng5
- IPA (key): /ŋ̍¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ńg
- Hakka Romanization System: ng`
- Hagfa Pinyim: ng3
- IPA: /ŋ̍³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngô / ngū
- IPA (key): /ŋou²⁴²/, /ŋu³³/
- Note: ngô - vernacular; ngū - literary.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Yilan, Sanxia, Magong, Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō͘
- Tâi-lô: gōo
- Phofsit Daibuun: go
- IPA (Xiamen): /gɔ²²/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /gɔ²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /gɔ³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /gɔ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gǒ͘
- Tâi-lô: gǒo
- IPA (Quanzhou): /gɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngó͘
- Tâi-lô: ngóo
- Phofsit Daibuun: ngor
- IPA (Xiamen): /ŋɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ŋɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gó͘
- Tâi-lô: góo
- Phofsit Daibuun: gor
- IPA (Quanzhou): /gɔ⁵⁵⁴/
- Note: gō͘/gǒ͘ - vernacular; ngó͘/gó͘ - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngou6 / ngou2 / u2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngŏu / ngóu / ú
- IPA (key): /ŋou³⁵/, /ŋou⁵²/, /u⁵²/
- Note: ngou6 - vernacular; ngou2, u2 - literary.
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Yilan, Sanxia, Magong, Kinmen)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhngg (T3); u (T2)
- IPA (key): /ɦŋ̍²³/, /v̩ʷ³⁴/
- Note: 3hhngg - vernacular; 2u - literary.
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 五 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 疑古切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋuoX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋuoX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋoX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋɔX/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋoX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋuX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋuoX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
wǔ |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 五 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
wǔ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ nguX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*C.ŋˤaʔ/ |
| English | five |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 五 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13147 |
| Phonetic component |
五 |
| Rime group |
魚 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
五 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋaːʔ/ |
Definitions
五
- five
- A surname. Wu (mainland China, Taiwan), Ng (Hong Kong)
- (printing) The size of type between 小五 (little 5) and 小四 (little 4), standardized as 10½ point.
See also
| Chinese numbers | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 108 | 1012 | |
| Cardinal | 〇 | 一 | 二 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬 万 |
億 亿 |
兆 |
| Financial | 零 | 壹 | 貳 贰 |
參 叁 |
肆 | 伍 | 陸 陆 |
柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 | 萬 万 |
億 亿 |
兆 |
Compounds
Derived terms from 五
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Descendants
Others:
Japanese
Kanji
五
Readings
- Goon: ご (go)
- Kan’on: ご (go)
- Kun: いつ (itsu), いつつ (五つ, itsutsu)
- Nanori: い (i), さ (sa), さつ (satsu), ち (chi), ふ (fu), み (mi), め (me)
Compounds
Compounds
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References
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- Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.
Pronunciation
Number
| < 4 | 5 | 6 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : 五 | ||
五 (ご, go)
Noun
- five
- a name of a hole of a wind instrument
Noun
- five
Korean
Hanja
五 • (o)
Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 오 (revised: o, McCune-Reischauer: o, Yale: o)
- Name (hangeul): 다섯 (revised: daseot, McCune-Reischauer: tasŏt, Yale: tases)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
五 (ngũ)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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