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Definition 2025

肝

肝

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

肝 (radical 130 肉+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 月一十 (BMJ), four-corner 71240, composition ⿰月干)

References

  • KangXi: page 974, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29273
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1425, character 31
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2044, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+809D

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 肝

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (干) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
訐 *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad
肝 *kaːn
竿 *kaːn
干 *kaːn
奸 *kaːn
玕 *kaːn
汗 *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns
迀 *kaːn
忓 *kaːn, *ɡaːns
鳱 *kaːn
邗 *kaːn, *ɡaːn
秆 *kaːnʔ
矸 *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns
仠 *kaːnʔ
皯 *kaːnʔ
衦 *kaːnʔ
簳 *kaːnʔ
擀 *kaːnʔ
旰 *kaːns
盰 *kaːns
幹 *kaːns
杆 *kaːns
骭 *kaːns, *ɡraːns
桿 *kaːnʔ
趕 *kaːnʔ
稈 *kaːnʔ
刊 *kʰaːn
靬 *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan
衎 *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns
犴 *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns
豻 *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̥ʰraːn
頇 *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd
岸 *ŋɡaːns
鼾 *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns
罕 *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns
焊 *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns
蔊 *qʰaːnʔ
虷 *ɡaːn
旱 *ɡaːnʔ
皔 *ɡaːnʔ
釬 *ɡaːns
扞 *ɡaːns
閈 *ɡaːns
馯 *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn
捍 *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ
悍 *ɡaːns
銲 *ɡaːns
垾 *ɡaːns
駻 *ɡaːns
睅 *ɡʷranʔ
娨 *ɡraːns
飦 *kan
赶 *ɡan, *ɡʷad
軒 *qʰan
蓒 *qʰan
酐 *qʰaːŋʔ
澣 *ɡʷaːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kaːn) : semantic ⺼ ‎(“body”) + phonetic 干 ‎(OC *kaːn) – a kind of body part.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 肝
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古寒切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɑn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɑn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kan/
Li
Rong		 /kɑn/
Wang
Li		 /kɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gān
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 肝
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gān
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kan ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s.kˤa[r]/
English liver

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 肝
Reading # 1/1
No. 3568
Phonetic
component		 干
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 干
Old
Chinese		 /*kaːn/

Definitions

肝

  1. (anatomy) liver   (Classifier: 葉／叶; 個／个)
    我不吃肚也不吃肝。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Wǒ bù chī dǔ yěbù chī gān. [Pinyin]
    I can't eat either tripe or liver.
    身體的大部分膽固醇是在肝和腸內由消化的食物製成的。 [MSC, trad.]
    身体的大部分胆固醇是在肝和肠内由消化的食物制成的。 [MSC, simp.]
    Shēntǐ de dàbùfēn dǎngùchún shì zài gān hé cháng nèi yóu xiāohuà de shíwù zhì chéng de. [Pinyin]
    Most of the body's cholesterol is made in the liver and intestine from digested food.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

肝

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

  • 肝炎 (かんえん, kan'en)

Noun

肝 ‎(hiragana きも, romaji kimo)

  1. the liver
  2. innards

References

Korean

Hanja

肝 • ‎(gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune-Reischauer kan, Yale kan)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

肝 (can, gan)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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